4.9 Transmission and distribution of electricity (climate change mitigation)

Kurzbeschreibung

Construction and operation of transmission systems that transport the electricity on the extra high-voltage and high-voltage interconnected system. Construction and operation of distribution systems that transport electricity on high-voltage, medium-voltage and low-voltage distribution systems. The economic activities in this category could be associated with several NACE codes, in particular D35.12 and D35.13 in accordance with the statistical classification of economic activities established by Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006. ___________ ( 174 ) Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) (OJ L 334, 17.12.2010, p. 17). ( 175 ) Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442. ( 176 ) The final technology report resulting from the exchange of information with Member States, the industries concerned and non- governmental organisations contains technical information on best available technologies used in medium combustion plants to reduce their environmental impacts, and on the emission levels achievable with best available and emerging technologies and the related costs (version of 4.6.2021: https://circabc.europa.eu/ui/group/06f33a94-9829-4eee-b187-21bb783a0fbf/library/9a99a632- 9ba8-4cc0-9679-08d929afda59/details). ( 177 ) Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1147 of 10 August 2018 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions for waste treatment, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 208, 17.8.2018, p. 38). An economic activity in this category is an enabling activity in accordance with Article 10(1), point (i) of Regulation (EU) 2020/852 where it complies with the technical screening criteria set out in this Section.

Wirtschaftsaktivität (EU-Taxonomie)

Rechtsakt: 2021/2139, Anhang I, Abschnitt 4.9 · ENERGY

Umweltziel: climate change mitigation

NACE-Codes: D35.12, D35.13

Beschreibung

Construction and operation of transmission systems that transport the electricity on the extra high-voltage and high-voltage interconnected system. Construction and operation of distribution systems that transport electricity on high-voltage, medium-voltage and low-voltage distribution systems. The economic activities in this category could be associated with several NACE codes, in particular D35.12 and D35.13 in accordance with the statistical classification of economic activities established by Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006. ___________ ( 174 ) Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) (OJ L 334, 17.12.2010, p. 17). ( 175 ) Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442. ( 176 ) The final technology report resulting from the exchange of information with Member States, the industries concerned and non- governmental organisations contains technical information on best available technologies used in medium combustion plants to reduce their environmental impacts, and on the emission levels achievable with best available and emerging technologies and the related costs (version of 4.6.2021: https://circabc.europa.eu/ui/group/06f33a94-9829-4eee-b187-21bb783a0fbf/library/9a99a632- 9ba8-4cc0-9679-08d929afda59/details). ( 177 ) Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1147 of 10 August 2018 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions for waste treatment, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 208, 17.8.2018, p. 38). An economic activity in this category is an enabling activity in accordance with Article 10(1), point (i) of Regulation (EU) 2020/852 where it complies with the technical screening criteria set out in this Section.

Technische Bewertungskriterien

Technical screening criteria Substantial contribution to climate change mitigation The activity complies with one of the following criteria: 1. The transmission and distribution infrastructure or equipment is in an electricity system that complies with at least one of the following criteria: (a) the system is the interconnected European system, i.e. the interconnected control areas of Member States, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, and its subordinated systems; (b) more than 67 % of newly enabled generation capacity in the system is below the generation threshold value of 100 g CO 2 e/kWh measured on a life cycle basis in accordance with electricity generation criteria, over a rolling five-year period; (c) the average system grid emissions factor, calculated as the total annual emissions from power generation connected to the system, divided by the total annual net electricity production in that system, is below the threshold value of 100 g CO 2 e/kWh measured on a life cycle basis in accordance with electricity generation criteria, over a rolling five-year period; Infrastructure dedicated to creating a direct connection or expanding an existing direct connection between a substation or network and a power production plant that is more greenhouse gas intensive than 100 g CO 2 e/kWh measured on a life cycle basis is not compliant. Installation of metering infrastructure that does not meet the requirements of smart metering systems of Article 20 of Directive (EU) 2019/944 is not compliant. 2. The activity is one of the following: (a) construction and operation of direct connection, or expansion of existing direct connection, of low carbon electricity generation below the threshold of 100 g CO 2 e/kWh measured on a life cycle basis to a substation or network; (b) construction and operation of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and supporting electric infrastructure for the electrification of transport, subject to compliance with the technical screening criteria under the transport Section of this Annex; (c) installation of transmission and distribution transformers that comply with the Tier 2 (1 July 2021) requirements set out in Annex I to the Commission Regulation (EU) No 548/2014 ( 178 ) and, for medium power transformers with highest voltage for equipment not exceeding 36 kV, with AAA0 level requirements on no-load losses set out in standard EN 50588-1 ( 179 ). (d) construction/installation and operation of equipment and infrastructure where the main objective is an increase of the generation or use of renewable electricity generation; (e) installation of equipment to increase the controllability and observability of the electricity system and to enable the development and integration of renewable energy sources, including: (i) sensors and measurement tools (including meteorological sensors for forecasting renewable production); (ii) communication and control (including advanced software and control rooms, automation of substations or feeders, and voltage control capabilities to adapt to more decentralised renewable infeed). _____________ ( 178 ) Commission Regulation (EU) No 548/2014 of 21 May 2014 on implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to small, medium and large power transformers (OJ L 152, 22.5.2014, p. 1). ( 179 ) CEI EN 50588-1 Medium power transformers 50 Hz, with highest voltage for equipment not exceeding 36 kV. (f) installation of equipment such as, but not limited to future smart metering systems or those replacing smart metering systems in line with Article 19(6) of Directive (EU) 2019/944 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 180 ), which meet the requirements of Article 20 of Directive (EU) 2019/944, able to carry information to users for remotely acting on consumption, including customer data hubs; (g) construction/installation of equipment to allow for exchange of specifically renewable electricity between users; (h) construction and operation of interconnectors between transmission systems, provided that one of the systems is compliant. For the purposes of this Section, the following specifications apply: (a) the rolling five-year period used in determining compliance with the thresholds is based on five consecutive historical years, including the year for which the most recent data are available; (b) a ‘system’ means the power control area of the transmission or distribution network where the infrastructure or equipment is installed; (c) transmission systems may include generation capacity connected to subordinated distribution systems; (d) distribution systems subordinated to a transmission system that is deemed to be on a trajectory to full decarbonisation may also be deemed to be on a trajectory to full decarbonisation; (e) to determine compliance, it is possible to consider a system covering multiple control areas which are interconnected and with significant energy exchanges between them, in which case the weighted average emissions factor across all included control areas is used, and individual subordinated transmission or distribution systems within that system is not required to demonstrate compliance separately; (f) it is possible for a system to become non-compliant after having previously been compliant. In systems that become non-compliant, no new transmission and distribution activities are compliant from that moment onward, until the system complies again with the threshold (except for those activities that are always compliant, see above). Activities in subordinated systems may still be compliant, where those subordinated systems meet the criteria of this Section; (g) a direct connection or expansion of an existing direct connection to production plants includes infrastructure that is indispensable to carry the associated electricity from the power generating facility to a substation or to the network. Do no significant harm (‘DNSH’) (2) Climate change adaptation The activity complies with the criteria set out in Appendix A to this Annex. (3) Sustainable use and protection of water and marine resources N/A (4) Transition to a circular economy A waste management plan is in place and ensures maximal reuse or recycling at end of life in accordance with the waste hierarchy, including through contractual agreements with waste management partners, reflection in financial projections or official project documen­ tation. _____________ ( 180 ) Directive (EU) 2019/944 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019 on rules for the internal market for electricity and amending Directive 2012/27/EU (OJ L 158, 14.6.2019, p. 125), (5) Pollution prevention and control Overground high voltage lines: (a) for construction site activities, activities follow the principles of the IFC General Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines ( 181 ). (b) activities respect applicable norms and regulations to limit impact of electromagnetic radiation on human health, including for activities carried out in the Union, the Council recommendation on the limi­ tation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) ( 182 ) and for activities carried out in third countries, the 1998 Guidelines of International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) ( 183 ). Activities do not use PCBs polyclorinated biphenyls. (6) Protection and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems The activity complies with the criteria set out in Appendix D to this Annex ( 184 ).